This compound is supplied for in-vitro and preclinical research only. It is not a medicinal product. It is not approved for human or veterinary use in any jurisdiction. No therapeutic, medicinal, cosmetic, or performance-enhancement claims are made or implied. By proceeding to inquire, you confirm you are an adult researcher acquiring this compound within your own research framework. Full terms on the Research Use Only page.
NAD+
500 mg freeze-dried vial, endogenous redox coenzyme
Compound specifications, chemistry, and storage.
Technical specifications
Specimen format| Compound name | NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) |
| Also known as | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD, NAD+, β-NAD+, DPN+ |
| CAS number | 53-84-9 |
| PubChem CID | 925 → |
| InChI Key | BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-N |
| SMILES | Reference SMILES on COA |
| Empirical formula (Hill notation) | C21H27N7O14P2 |
| Molecular weight | 663.43 g/mol (monoisotopic mass: 663.11) |
| Salt form | Free acid or sodium salt, on COA |
| Counter-ion content | Quantified per batch on COA. Custom salt forms (chloride, ammonium, TFA) available on quote. |
| Sequence (1-letter) | N/A (dinucleotide cofactor) |
| Sequence (3-letter) | N/A (not a peptide; nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide) |
| Length | N/A (cofactor, not a peptide) |
| Weight basis | Gross weight per industry standard. Net peptide content quantified on batch COA. |
| Quantity per vial | 500 mg |
| Format | Freeze-dried white powder or thin film, sealed under inert atmosphere. Why does the vial look empty? |
| Appearance | White freeze-dried cake or powder. May also appear as a thin film on the vial wall. |
| Solubility | Water soluble, reconstituted with bacteriostatic water (1 to 2 ml typical) |
| Solution colour | Clear and colourless when correctly reconstituted |
| Purity (HPLC) | Specification ≥98.5%, tested before listing |
| Identity confirmation | LC-MS, batch-specific spectrum on COA |
| Endotoxin (LAL) | Within Ph. Eur. specification, batch report on COA |
| Storage (freeze-dried) | 2 to 8 degrees Celsius, sealed, protected from light. Avoid thermal cycling. |
| Storage (reconstituted) | 2 to 8 degrees Celsius. Use within 4 to 6 weeks. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw. |
| Shelf life | 24 months from synthesis date when storage conditions are maintained |
| Country of synthesis | EU partner facility, Ph. Eur. methodology references |
| Application | In-vitro and preclinical research only. Not for human or veterinary use. |
An endogenous redox coenzyme, and what the published research says about it.
NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is an endogenous redox coenzyme present in every living cell, central to glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and sirtuin-mediated signalling. Published research across more than five decades has investigated its role in cellular bioenergetics, DNA repair, and mitochondrial function, with substantial recent attention to NAD+ depletion across the human lifespan and its implications for longevity research. The sections below summarise what the published research investigates, what Cresten supplies, and what the certificate of analysis confirms.
Where NAD+ comes from.
NAD+ is not a peptide. It is a small dinucleotide molecule composed of nicotinamide and adenine ribonucleotides linked by a phosphate bridge. It is one of the most abundant coenzymes in living cells, where it cycles between an oxidised form (NAD+) and a reduced form (NADH) and serves as a required cofactor for hundreds of enzyme-catalysed reactions. The research-supply form is the oxidised dinucleotide, which is the form that participates in most of the cited research pathways.
In the research-supply context, NAD+ is produced by enzymatic synthesis from precursor mononucleotides or by chemical synthesis, depending on the manufacturer. After production it is purified, freeze-dried, and sealed in vials for stability. The freeze-dried form is hygroscopic and requires careful handling on reconstitution; the certificate of analysis records the moisture content and the percentage purity confirmed by HPLC. The research-supply form is distinct from food-supplement nicotinamide riboside or nicotinamide mononucleotide products, which are precursors rather than the dinucleotide itself.
PubMed lists more than five thousand papers mentioning NAD+ as of 2026, reflecting its central role in cellular metabolism. The peptide-research market intersects with the NAD+ literature where the dinucleotide is studied as a research tool in cell-culture and animal models of mitochondrial function, sirtuin activation, and ageing biology. The supply context here is research only.
What the research looks at.
NAD+ research is split across two large fields: classical biochemistry, where the dinucleotide is a redox cofactor in the citric acid cycle, glycolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation; and ageing biology, where the dinucleotide is studied as a substrate for sirtuin enzymes and PARP enzymes that consume it during their catalytic activity. The peptide-research context is concentrated in the second of these fields.
The sirtuin family (SIRT1 through SIRT7 in mammals) are NAD+-dependent deacylases that respond to cellular NAD+ levels. Studies have measured sirtuin activity, acetylation status of downstream substrates such as PGC-1α and FOXO transcription factors, and mitochondrial biogenesis markers in cell-culture and animal models with manipulated NAD+ levels. The published literature describes a broad correspondence between cellular NAD+ availability and sirtuin-pathway activity.
"The research interest in NAD+ as a research tool comes from its role as a substrate for sirtuin and PARP enzymes, both of which consume the dinucleotide during catalysis."
A separate strand examines age-related decline in cellular NAD+ levels. Studies in animal tissues and human samples have reported decreasing NAD+ concentrations with age across multiple tissue types, with the largest declines reported in skeletal muscle and liver. These observational findings have driven interest in NAD+ precursor supplementation, although the precursor literature (NMN, NR) is a separate field from the dinucleotide-supply research.
Where the published research does not go: there is no FDA or EMA approval of NAD+ as a therapeutic agent for any specific indication. The bioavailability of intact NAD+ administered by routes other than direct cellular delivery is poor and forms a separate research question. NAD+ is supplied as a research compound for laboratory and preclinical research only.
What the certificate confirms.
Every Cresten batch of NAD+ ships with a certificate from an analytical lab, against the test panel described on the Methodology page. The certificate that ships with your batch confirms:
The certificate format is shown on the batch verification page.
Where the published research on NAD+ lives.
PubMed indexes 5,000+ publications mentioning NAD+ as of 2026. Cresten does not curate a hand-selected reading list. Compound-specific selections influence which papers researchers find first; the unfiltered query, sortable by date, citation count, study type, and species, is queryable directly on PubMed.
Each result on PubMed links to the original journal record and, where available, full-text or open-access copies. Cresten supplies the compound; the literature is for the researcher to evaluate.
Open the full PubMed query →Opens at pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov in a new tab. The query string is preserved so you can refine, filter, or export from there.
What this monograph is not
This monograph summarises what the published research looks at regarding NAD+ mechanism. It is not a therapeutic recommendation. It is not dosing guidance. It is not a clinical protocol. It is not medical advice.
Cresten Labs supplies NAD+ as a research compound for lab-based research only. The decision to investigate any compound in any research framework is the researcher’s decision, within their own ethical, legal, and methodological boundaries.
Cresten makes no claim about human therapeutic use, no claim about clinical effectiveness, no claim about safety in human use, and no claim that this compound has been reviewed by any regulator for any medical use.
Frequently asked questions about NAD+
Common research-protocol and supply questions about NAD+, with answers grounded in published peer-reviewed research and Cresten Labs supply practice. All information is for in vitro and preclinical research only.
What is NAD+?
NAD+ is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a 0-amino-acid peptide (CAS 53-84-9, molecular weight 663.43 g/mol). Cresten Labs supplies NAD+ as a freeze-dried vial for in vitro and preclinical research only, with each batch verified at Janoshik Analytical.
What does research suggest NAD+ does?
Published research investigates NAD+ for serving as a substrate for sirtuin and PARP enzyme activity and supporting mitochondrial energy metabolism research. The compound is studied primarily in mitochondrial energy production, sirtuin activation, and DNA repair research. NAD+ is supplied for research use only and is not approved by any regulator for medical use.
What is the typical NAD+ dosage in published research?
Published NAD+ dosage in research protocols ranges from 50 to 250 mg per administration in research protocols, administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly, with daily for short loading phases (5 to 14 days) followed by maintenance in longevity research. Cresten Labs publishes the typical NAD+ protocol ranges as research-protocol references only; this is not dosing guidance for human use.
How do I reconstitute NAD+ for research?
Standard NAD+ reconstitution adds 5 mL of 0.9% NaCl bacteriostatic water for the 500 mg vial. NAD+ injection in research models is then drawn at the volume that delivers the target research dose. NaCl bacteriostatic water recommended to reduce injection-site sting from acidity.
What is the NAD+ half-life and how is NAD+ storage handled?
Published research reports NAD+ systemic half-life at short circulating half-life. NAD+ storage: lyophilized vial stable at room temperature for shipping; reconstituted solution stored at 2 to 8 °C and used within 1 to 2 weeks. The Cresten certificate of analysis lists the synthesis date, batch identifier, and the storage conditions verified for this specific batch.
NAD+ vs standalone or with longevity peptides in research stacks: how do they compare in research?
In published research comparing NAD+ vs standalone or with longevity peptides in research stacks, NAD+ is a coenzyme rather than a signaling peptide; it does not stack pharmacologically the way two peptides might, but is used alongside other longevity research compounds. The two compounds are studied separately and in combination depending on the research question. Cresten Labs supplies both as verified research compounds.
What does research literature report about NAD+ side effects?
Published NAD+ research reports the following: injection-site sting reported with plain BAC water due to acidity; 0.9% NaCl bacteriostatic water reduces this. Cresten Labs supplies the compound for research use only; clinical-use side-effect data should be drawn from peer-reviewed clinical trial publications, not from research-vendor pages.
Where to buy NAD+ in Europe?
Cresten Labs supplies NAD+ across the EU single market to 16 European countries. Each NAD+ batch is tested at Janoshik Analytical with the certificate of analysis published on the website before it lists. NAD+ is sold for in vitro and preclinical research only, not for human or veterinary use.
How is NAD+ verified at Cresten Labs?
Every NAD+ batch is tested at Janoshik Analytical in Czech Republic, an third-party peptide-analysis laboratory. Each batch certificate documents HPLC purity, mass-spectrometry identity confirmation, and contamination panels. The certificate publishes with the batch, before it lists.
What is the typical NAD+ stack in published research?
In published research, the typical NAD+ stack pairs the compound with standalone or with longevity peptides in research stacks. NAD+ is a coenzyme rather than a signaling peptide; it does not stack pharmacologically the way two peptides might, but is used alongside other longevity research compounds.